The Royal Marines in the War of 1914 - 1919: The Dardanelles

3 WWI Royal Marines Light Infantry Uniform Bronze Buttons 23mm Antique Militaria

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Discover the heroic struggle of the Royal Marine Light Infantry in the Gallipoli Campaign, where bravery, sacrifice, and endurance defined their fight in the Dardanelles.

From the treacherous landscapes of Gallipoli to the Battle for Krithia, trench warfare at Achi Baba, and the heroism of Lance Corporal W. R. Parker, this article explores the leaders, battles, and sacrifices that shaped the Royal Marines’ legacy in World War I.

Image: A historical overview of 300 years of the Royal Marines, highlighting key battles, transformations, and achievements from their founding in 1664 to their global deployments in the 20th century. The page includes the official emblem of the Royal Marines and an image of troops boarding a helicopter for deployment.

The Royal Marine Light Infantry (R.M.L.I.) played a significant role in the Gallipoli Campaign during World War I, particularly in the Dardanelles from 1915 to 1916. Facing harsh terrain, relentless enemy fire, and devastating casualties, the Royal Marines stood as a testament to bravery, endurance, and discipline. This article will chronicle their journey through key battles, strategic movements, and personal heroics, bringing history to life for military enthusiasts, antique collectors, and historians alike.

The Harsh Landscape of Gallipoli

Before delving into the battles, it's essential to understand the unforgiving terrain the Royal Marines had to endure. The Gallipoli Peninsula was a harsh, rocky expanse, filled with steep cliffs, deep ravines, and limited cover. One of the most contested areas was Achi Baba Nullah, where British and ANZAC forces repeatedly clashed with Turkish defenders.

Image: Achi Baba Nullah, one of the most treacherous and fiercely contested areas in Gallipoli.

Leadership in the Royal Marines

The Gallipoli campaign saw the rise of several key leaders who guided the Royal Marines through some of their most challenging battles.

Brigadier-General Charles N. Trotman

A seasoned leader, Brigadier-General Trotman commanded the Royal Marine Brigade and later the 2nd Brigade, Royal Naval Division. His tactical expertise helped sustain British efforts at Gallipoli.

Brigadier-General David Mercer

Mercer commanded the 1st Royal Naval Brigade in 1915, playing a vital role in the Battle of Krithia and the subsequent trench warfare at Nelson Avenue.

The Landing at Gallipoli and the First Engagements

On April 25, 1915, Allied forces landed at ANZAC Cove and Cape Helles, marking the beginning of the Gallipoli Campaign. The Royal Marines were part of the naval division, supporting the ANZAC troops in their struggle against entrenched Ottoman forces.

Image: A view of Gallipoli from the sea, where thousands of British and ANZAC troops landed under heavy fire.

The Battle for Krithia

One of the most significant engagements for the Royal Marines was the Battle of Krithia, fought over multiple phases in May and June 1915. This brutal trench battle saw severe losses but showcased the resilience of the Royal Marine Brigade.

Image: Troops of the Royal Naval Division, including the Royal Marines, launching an attack during the Gallipoli Campaign.

Trench Warfare and the Struggle for Achi Baba

Despite multiple attempts, the Royal Marines failed to capture Achi Baba, one of the most strategically important high grounds in Gallipoli.

Image: A general view towards Achi Baba, where British and ANZAC forces repeatedly attempted to advance.

The Horrors of War: Shrapnel Valley and Walker’s Ridge

The Royal Marines suffered greatly in locations such as Shrapnel Valley, where constant shelling and sniper fire took a heavy toll.

Image: Shrapnel Valley, one of the deadliest locations in the Gallipoli Campaign, where many Royal Marines lost their lives.

Another key battleground was Walker’s Ridge, an area where steep cliffs and Turkish machine-gun fire made advancement nearly impossible.

Image: Walker’s Ridge, a formidable defensive position that proved extremely difficult for Allied forces to overcome.

Lance Corporal Walter Richard Parker: A Hero Among Men

Amidst the chaos and carnage, individual acts of heroism stood out. One of the most notable Royal Marines was Lance Corporal Walter Richard Parker, who was awarded the Victoria Cross (V.C.) for his extraordinary bravery during the Battle of Gaba Tepe.

His Actions

On April 30 - May 1, 1915, Parker volunteered under heavy fire to deliver water, ammunition, and medical supplies to an isolated trench at Lone Pine Plateau. Despite being severely wounded, he continued to aid the injured until the position was evacuated.

Image: Lance Corporal W. R. Parker, V.C., whose selfless courage at Gallipoli earned him the highest military honor.

The Officers of the 4th Battalion

The 4th Battalion of the Royal Marines played a significant role in Gallipoli. The officers in this unit led their men through some of the fiercest battles, enduring high casualty rates.

Officers of the 4th Battalion, Royal Marines, many of whom fought and died in the Dardanelles Campaign. — Image: Officers of the 4th Battalion, Royal Marines. Back Row (left to right): 2nd Lt. H.B. Lovatt (wounded), Surgeon F.P. Pocock, M.C., R.N., Lt. & Or-Mr F.J. Hone (wounded), Lt. B.S. Claudet, Lt. D. Broadwood, Lt. K.G. O. Stanton (died of wounds). Second Row: Captain J. Palmer, D.S.C. (missing), Lt. R.W. Lamplough, Lt. J.L. Jackson (killed), Lt. A.G. Norris, Lt. W.H. Dollery (killed). Front Row: Captain C.B. Conveyear (wounded), Captain R.L. Del Shorthe (killed), Major C.E.C. Eagles, D.S.O. (killed), Lt. Col. B.N. Elliot, D.S.O. (killed), Captain A.R. Chater, Major H.G. Weller, Captain E. Bamford, D.S.O. Note: Lieutenants Dallas-Brooks and Rigby, R.M.A., were at Shoeburyness.

The Legacy of the Royal Marines in Gallipoli

The Royal Marines Light Infantry faced insurmountable odds in Gallipoli, suffering devastating casualties but maintaining unwavering discipline and courage. Their role in the Dardanelles campaign is a testament to their fighting spirit, endurance, and commitment to duty.

For military historians, collectors, and enthusiasts, the Gallipoli campaign offers a remarkable insight into early 20th-century warfare, where bravery and sacrifice shaped the course of history.

Image: A visual showcase of the Royal Marines in action, featuring the King's Squad rehearsing for their Pass-Out parade, reconnaissance Marines of 40 Commando on patrol, an armored vehicle operation, Marines on an expedition to the Falkland Islands, and the commando ship HMS Albion, a key vessel in Royal Marine operations.

The Royal Marine Light Infantry’s history in Gallipoli is one of determination, resilience, and sacrifice. Through first-hand accounts, historical records, and visual documentation, we remember the men who fought and died on the unforgiving shores of the Dardanelles.